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《经济学人》双语:外刊怎么看“游戏防沉迷新规”?

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发表于 2023-3-4 21:41 | 显示全部楼层 |阅读模式
《经济学人》双语:外刊怎么看“游戏防沉迷新规”?

文/Irene-自由英语之路

【本篇内容简述】
【Para1&2】引入:中国游戏行业是全球收益第一,年销售额为440亿美元。介绍了保护未成年人的身心健康的防沉迷新规定,新规定是对2019年通过的规定的更新,是世界上最严格的,将影响到数千万人。
【Para3】旧规与新规则:玩家使用真实姓名和政府颁发的身份证号码上网,并在规定时间到期后退出游戏。之前的规则有漏洞,如用成年人身份证登录,或者在网吧里玩。
【Para4】腾讯公司与游戏:中国最大的电子游戏公司,股价略有下降,不会立即改变公司的盈亏底线。只有2.6%的游戏收入来自16岁以下的玩家。
【Para5&6】长期影响:新客户流可能枯竭,西方公司也可能遭受损失。举例罗布乐思游戏平台很危险;吃鸡游戏;Steam游戏平台。
【Para7】结尾与评论:精简的中文版Steam 游戏很少,几乎没有用户。最后一句,中国玩家可能很快就会发现只有本土游戏才是可玩的。
(文末的补充材料对理解本文有帮助)
<hr/>阅读指南:边听边阅读
标题:
Video gaming
Game over
China’s crackdown will hit foreign firms as well as domestic ones
电子游戏
游戏结束
中国的新规将打击外国企业和国内企业


China imposes the world’s strictest limits on video games
中国对电子游戏实施了世界上最严格的限制

原文日期:2021年9月4日

Paragraph 1:
On August 30th the country’s video-gaming industry—the world’s largest with annual sales of $44bn—became the latest target.
8月30日,该国电子游戏行业成为最新整顿目标。中国游戏行业是全球收益第一(如下图),年销售额为440亿美元。
New rules proclaimed that, in order to “effectively protect the physical and mental health of minors”, children under 18 would be allowed to play online games only between 8pm and 9pm on Fridays, Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays.
新规定宣布,为了“有效保护未成年人的身心健康”,18岁以下的儿童只能在周五、周六、周日和公共假日晚上8点到9点之间玩网络游戏。

Paragraph 2:
The rules are the most restrictive in the world, and will affect tens of millions of people. Around two-thirds of Chinese children are thought to play online games regularly. But the idea is not new.
这些规则是世界上最严格的,将影响到数千万人。大约三分之二的中国儿童被认为经常玩网络游戏。但这个想法并不最新的。

China has worried about what it sees as the addictive and corrupting qualities of video games for more than a decade, says Daniel Ahmad, a senior analyst at Niko Partners, which follows Asian video-gaming markets.
Niko Partners(主导亚洲电子游戏市场)高级分析师丹尼尔·艾哈迈德表示,十多年来,中国一直在担心电子游戏的上瘾和腐蚀性。

Censors frown on things like politics and gore, requiring changes to foreign games seeking a licence for sale in China.
审查人员不喜欢政治和暴力之类的游戏,要求对寻求在中国销售许可证的外国游戏进行修改。

The new regulations are an update to ones passed in 2019 that limited children to 90 minutes per day of gaming, and imposed a curfew between 10pm and 8am. (On August 25th South Korea, which implemented a similar curfew in 2011, announced it would scrap its rules.)
新规定是对2019年通过的规定的更新,该规定将儿童每天玩游戏的时间限制为90分钟,并在晚上10点到早上8点之间实施宵禁(8月25日,2011年实施类似宵禁的韩国宣布将废除其规定。)

Paragraph 3:
Those previous rules had loopholes. China’s “anti-addiction system” requires gamers to use their real names, and a government-issued identity number, to play online, and boots them from the game when their allotted time has expired.
以前的规则有漏洞。中国的“防沉迷系统”要求玩家使用真实姓名和政府颁发的身份证号码上网,到规定时间后退出游戏。

But children could use adult credentials to log in, or play in internet cafés that turned a blind eye to long gaming sessions.
但孩子们可以使用成年人身份证登录,或者在网吧里玩,而网吧对长时间的玩游戏的情况视而不见。

This time, the authorities seem keen to block such workarounds. Alongside the new rules were promises of tougher policing and punishments for companies found to bedragging their feet.
这一次,官方似乎热衷于阻止这种变通办法。除了新规定之外,还承诺加强监管,并对被发现拖延的公司进行惩罚。

Tencent, China’s biggest video-gaming company, has been experimenting with facial-recognition software to ensure that crafty players cannot use other people’s credentials.
腾讯,中国最大的电子游戏公司,一直在测试上线面部识别软件,以确保狡猾的玩家不能使用他人的证件。

Paragraph 4:
Despite their draconian nature, the immediate impact of the new rules was muted. Shares in Tencent and NetEase, a rival firm, dipped slightly after the announcement.
尽管新规的性质很严厉,但其直接影响却很小。宣布后,腾讯和竞争对手网易的股价略有下跌。

That is probably because the rules are unlikely to make much instant difference to the firms’ bottom lines. Although there are thought to be around 110m gamer kids in China, they have little money to splash on new characters or virtual items.
这可能是因为这些规则不太可能立即改变公司的盈亏底线。尽管中国有大约1.1亿游戏迷,但他们几乎没有钱去购买新角色或虚拟物品。

In its most recent set of quarterly results, Tencent said that only 2.6% of gaming revenue came from players under 16.
腾讯在其最新的季度业绩中表示,只有2.6%的游戏收入来自16岁以下的玩家。

Paragraph 5:
The long-term consequences could be more painful. The impecunious teenage gamers of today are the young adult gamers, complete with disposable income, of tomorrow.
长期后果可能更为痛苦。今天的穷困潦倒的青少年游戏玩家是未来的年轻成年游戏玩家,他们将拥有可支配收入。

If the crackdown is effective, says one observer, Chinese gaming giants could see their flow of new customers dry up.  Western firms could suffer, too.
一位观察家表示,如果新规打击有效,中国游戏巨头可能会看到他们的新客户流枯竭。西方公司也可能遭受损失。

Jefferies, a bank, flags Roblox, an American gaming platform that allows users to create their own mini-games and share them with friends, as particularly at risk.
杰富瑞投资银行(见文末补充资料)将罗布乐思标记为特别危险。(罗布乐思是一个允许用户创建自己的迷你游戏并与朋友分享的美国游戏平台。)

The game, which has over 40m daily users around the world, is aimed at younger players. It launched in China in July.
这款游戏每天在全球拥有4000多万用户,主要面向年轻玩家。它于7月在中国推出。


Paragraph 6:
Another question is how far the crackdown will spread. For now, a thriving grey market links Chinese gamers to foreign firms that are unable, or unwilling, to seek an official licence to sell their products in the country’s vast market.
另一个问题是新规打击会蔓延到什么程度。目前,蓬勃发展的灰色市场,将中国玩家与无法或不愿申请官方许可证(但在中国广阔市场销售其产品)的外国公司联系起来。

“PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds”, an online shooter, is reckoned to have sold around 20m copies in China despite lacking official approval.
《绝地求生:大逃杀》是一款在线射击游戏(俗称“吃鸡”游戏的一种),尽管未经官方批准,但据估计在中国销量约2000万。

Around 50m Chinese gamers are thought to use Steam, an online shop for PC games run by Valve, an American firm, that remains curiously unblocked by China’s Great Firewall.
大约5000万中国玩家被认为使用Steam,这是一家由美国Valve公司经营的PC游戏在线商店,奇怪的是,它仍然没有被中国的防火长城封锁。

That gives them access to tens of thousands of unlicensed games, free from official nannying.
这让他们可以免费观看成千上万的未经许可的游戏,脱离官方监管。

Paragraph 7:
The signs are ominous. In February Apple removed tens of thousands of unlicensed games from the Chinese version of its app store and a stripped-down, censorship-compliant Chinese version of Steam was launched.
这些迹象是不祥的。今年2月,苹果从其应用商店的中文版中删除了数万款未经许可的游戏,并发布了一款精简、符合审查标准的中文版Steam。

It offers few games and has hardly any users. But if the crackdown continues, Chinese gamers may soon find the local version is all that is available.
它提供的游戏很少,几乎没有用户。但如果新规打击继续下去,中国玩家可能很快就会发现只有本土游戏才是可玩的。

(恭喜读完本篇,英语阅读量694左右,有删减)
本文出自《The Economist》Business版块,仅供个人学习交流使用。
<hr/>
【补充资料】
文章中Jefferies、Roblox、Steam分别是什么?(来源于百度百科)

Jefferies:杰富瑞投资银行,华尔街著名投资银行,由加州大学伯克利分校的毕业生Boyd Jefferies 创立于1962年,是24-hour trading的发明者。连续两年被评为“最佳中型市场投资银行”。在2008年Vault Guide 的 《世界最著名的50家银行》中排名第22位。在华尔街本土券商中排名第5位, 这里说的“券商“是指传统意义的投资银行。继雷曼兄弟破产、高盛和摩根士丹利转型为商业银行控股公司以后,杰富瑞投资银行现在是美国最大的独立投资银行和机构券商。

Roblox:罗布乐思,是一款兼容了虚拟世界、休闲游戏和自建内容的游戏,游戏中的大多数作品都是用户自行建立的。世界最大的多人在线创作游戏。至2019年,已有超过500万的青少年开发者使用Roblox开发3D,VR等数字内容 ,吸引的月活跃玩家超1亿。

Steam:蒸汽平台,是Valve公司聘请BitTorrent(BT下载)发明者布拉姆·科恩亲自开发设计的游戏和软件平台。Steam平台是目前全球最大的综合性数字发行平台之一。玩家可以在该平台购买、下载、讨论、上传和分享游戏和软件。2015年10月,Steam获第33届金摇杆奖最佳游戏平台。2019年8月21日,由完美世界代理的中国版 Steam 数字内容分发平台正式定名为“蒸汽平台” 。

【重点词汇】(10个)
frown on
不悦,不满
gore/ɡ(r)/thick blood that has flowed from a wound, especially in a violent situation.
n. 淤血;流出的血
curfew/kfju/a law which says that people must not go outside after a particular time at night until the morning; the time after which nobody must go outside.
n. 宵禁;宵禁令
allotted/lt/
adj. 分配的;专款的;拨出的
workaround/wkrand/a way in which you can solve or avoid a problem when the most obvious solution is not possible.
n. 应变方法;变通方法,替代方法
drag one`s  feet
拖拖拉拉,拖后腿
crafty/krɑfti/
adj. 狡猾的;灵巧的
draconian/drknin/
adj. 严厉的,苛刻的
impecunious/mpkjunis/having little or no money, the same with poor and penniless.
adj. 没有钱的;贫穷的
ominous/mns/suggesting that sth bad is going to happen in the future.
adj. 预兆的;不吉利的

【重点句子】(2个)
The rules are the most restrictive in the world, and will affect tens of millions of people.
这些规则是世界上最严格的,将影响到数千万人。

Chinese gaming giants could see their flow of new customers dry up.  Western firms could suffer, too.
中国游戏巨头可能会看到他们的新客户流枯竭。西方公司也可能遭受损失。

【词语故事】(1个)(来源于Qian)
draconian:[dr'konn] adj.严厉的,苛刻的。原指推行严刑苛法的雅典统治者德拉古。

公元前621年,希腊城邦雅典的统治者德拉古(Draco)迫于平民的压力,将以往的习惯法加以编纂,颁布了古希腊的第一部成文法。该法以严酷而闻名。对于刑事犯罪,一律处以死刑。就连盗窃水果这样的轻罪也是死刑。德拉古解释说轻罪本来就该处死,至于重罪,因为找不到比处死更重的刑罚,所以也是处死。德拉古法如此严酷,以至历史学家说它不是用墨水写的,而是用血写的。德拉古法后来被梭伦修改,但由此产生了单词draconian,形容严厉苛刻。


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