protobuff和json

acecase 发表于 2022-11-10 09:52

protobuff和json广泛应用应用于通信和存储上，2种方式使用那种各有各的特定。protobuff序列化比json快，体积也比json的序列化小 (json耗在属性名，属性越多明显)，在性能和内容大小上有要求的选protobuff相对优，但protobuff要定义proto文件，有沟通成本，而且状态也有顺序，修改老版本的proto要遵循一定的规则，而json就比较通用修改也没有那么多规则。
简单的例子对比protobuff和json(fastjson)序列化速度和序列化后的体制大小：
proto文件:
syntax = &#34;proto3&#34;;
package com.test1;
option java_package = &#34;com.test1&#34;;
option java_multiple_files = true;

message UserInfo{
string userId = 1;//userId
string url    = 2;//头像
string name = 3;//名字
int32 sex    = 4;//玩家性别
}UserVO：
import lombok.AllArgsConstructor;
import lombok.Builder;
import lombok.Data;

@Data
@Builder
@AllArgsConstructor
public class UserVo {

private String userId;

private String url;

private String name;

private int sex;
}
Main：
import java.nio.charset.Charset;

import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.Feature;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.parser.ParserConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeConfig;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializeFilter;
import com.alibaba.fastjson.serializer.SerializerFeature;

import lombok.SneakyThrows;

public class ProtoBuffVsJson {

@SneakyThrows
public static void main(String[] args) {
   String uid = &#34;testProtoBuffVsJson&#34;;
   String url = &#34;https://www.baidu.com&#34;;
   String name = &#34;testProtoBuffVsJson&#34;;
   int sex = 1;

   Charset charset = Charset.forName(&#34;UTF-8&#34;);
   SerializeConfig serializeConfig = SerializeConfig.getGlobalInstance();
   ParserConfig parserConfig = ParserConfig.getGlobalInstance();
   SerializerFeature[] serializerFeatures = new SerializerFeature[]{SerializerFeature.BrowserSecure};;
   SerializeFilter[] serializeFilters = new SerializeFilter;;
   Feature[] features = new Feature;

   UserVo uservo = UserVo.builder().userId(uid).url(url).name(name).sex(sex).build();
   UserInfo userInfo = UserInfo.newBuilder().setUserId(uid).setUrl(url).setName(name).setSex(sex).build();

   long voEStartTime = System.nanoTime();
   byte[] voBytes = JSON.toJSONBytes(charset, uservo, serializeConfig, serializeFilters, null,
            JSON.DEFAULT_GENERATE_FEATURE, serializerFeatures);
   long voEEndTime = System.nanoTime();

   long protoEStartTime = System.nanoTime();
   byte[] protoBytes = userInfo.toByteArray();
   long protoEEndTime = System.nanoTime();

   long voDStartTime = System.nanoTime();
   uservo = JSON.parseObject(voBytes, charset, UserVo.class, parserConfig, null,
            JSON.DEFAULT_PARSER_FEATURE, features);
   long voDEndTime = System.nanoTime();

   long protoDStartTime = System.nanoTime();
   userInfo = UserInfo.parseFrom(protoBytes);
   long protoDEndTime = System.nanoTime();

   System.out.println(&#34;json 序列化时间:&#34; + (voEEndTime - voEStartTime)
            + &#34;ns 反序列化时间:&#34; + (voDEndTime - voDStartTime)
            + &#34;ns byte数组长度:&#34; + voBytes.length);
   System.out.println(&#34;proto 序列化时间:&#34; + (protoEEndTime - protoEStartTime)
            + &#34;ns 反序列化时间:&#34; + (protoDEndTime - protoDStartTime)
            + &#34;ns byte数组长度:&#34; + protoBytes.length);

}
}输出结果:

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protobuff和json